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Steilla Mitchel

Steilla Mitchel

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I completed my post-graduation in 2013 in the engineering field. Engineering is the application of science and math to solve problems. Engineers figure out how things work and find practical uses for scientific discoveries. Scientists and inventors often get the credit for innovations that advance the human condition, but it is engineers who are instrumental in making those innovations available to the world. I love pet animals such as dogs, cats, etc.

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Aryan Kumar

Aryan Kumar

25-Jun-2023

Sure. A concrete class is a class that can be instantiated, meaning that it can be created as an object. Concrete classes have all of their methods implemented, so they can be used to represent specific things in the real world.

An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated. Abstract classes are used to define common behavior or properties that are shared by a set of subclasses. Abstract classes can have both abstract methods and concrete methods. Abstract methods are methods that have no implementation, meaning that they must be implemented by subclasses. Concrete methods are methods that have an implementation, and they can be used by both abstract classes and subclasses.

The main difference between a concrete class and an abstract class is that a concrete class can be instantiated, while an abstract class cannot. Concrete classes are used to represent specific things in the real world, while abstract classes are used to define common behavior or properties that are shared by a set of subclasses.

Here is a table that summarizes the differences between concrete classes and abstract classes:

FeatureConcrete ClassAbstract Class
Can be instantiatedYesNo
Has all methods implementedYesNo (may have some concrete methods)
Used to represent specific things in the real worldYesNo
Used to define common behavior or propertiesNoYes

Here are some examples of concrete classes:

  • A car: A car is a concrete class that can be instantiated. It has methods for driving, braking, and turning.
  • A dog: A dog is a concrete class that can be instantiated. It has methods for barking, wagging its tail, and playing fetch.
  • A book: A book is a concrete class that can be instantiated. It has methods for opening, closing, and reading.

Here are some examples of abstract classes:

  • Shape: A shape is an abstract class that cannot be instantiated. It has methods for calculating the area and perimeter of a shape.
  • Animal: An animal is an abstract class that cannot be instantiated. It has methods for eating, sleeping, and moving.
  • Person: A person is an abstract class that cannot be instantiated. It has methods for walking, talking, and thinking.
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